What does forensic data analysis involve?

Forensic data analysis is specifically focused on reviewing and interpreting data to detect and investigate potential fraud or irregularities. This process involves utilizing various analytical techniques to identify patterns, anomalies, or behaviors within financial and operational data that might indicate fraudulent activity. By examining data, forensic analysts can uncover hidden relationships, trends, or discrepancies that warrant further investigation.

The other options, while related to the broader field of accounting and business operations, do not capture the essence of forensic data analysis. Summarizing financial statements is a routine accounting task rather than an investigative one. Documenting business transactions is essential for maintaining accurate records, but it does not delve into the analysis needed to detect fraud. Analyzing organizational structures might provide insights into business operations, but it does not focus specifically on detecting fraudulent activities through data examination. Thus, examining data to uncover patterns of fraud is the most accurate definition of forensic data analysis.